Transtheoretical Model (TTM) of Behavior Change

The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) of Behavior Change describes how people can develop a more positive behavior through five main steps:

  • Precontemplation: no intention to change anything
  • Contemplation: seriously considering change but not committed
  • Preparation: intending to take action in the next month but have failed for the past year
  • Action: perform the behavior for at least a few months
  • Maintenance: sustain the behavior long-term

One thing that can get in the way of behavior change is cognitive dissonance, which refers to a disconnect between actual behavior and desired behavior.

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